Live Together before Marriage Essay

Up to 78% of teens nowadays are in relationships. They find out that their relationships start with friendship and further proceed to romance and later lead to sexual intercourse. All of these experiences relate closely to the time they spend living together. Although many think that living together before marriage benefit both parties, I strongly believe that it is unacceptable for young people to live together before marriage due to several reasons. Some people may think that if couples live together, their common interests can be shared. They maintain this kind of thinking because people around them have proven this mindset to be true. However, this does not mean that the same case can be applied to every couple. Most of the teens in this modern age want to have freedom in doing everything; love and relationships are not excluded too. Teens feel that either their boyfriend or girlfriend should deserve to have own privacy. There is always something that either party intends to hide from another, such as family problems etc. By living together, personal secrets might be exposed to his/her lover. Besides, he/she can concentrate doing own things. Without much distraction around, one can be more focused on performing tasks that yield good results. On the other hand, one’s social life is not restricted. For instance, a girlfriend seems reluctant to talk to males around her, as she cares about the feeling of her lover. As a res ult, this debars her from learning valuable experience of adjusting to others. There are many things to be said in favor of teens living together before marriage, the most obvious being that is it undoubtedly gains more understanding between couple. Without the benefits that cohabitation brings, the world would have higher rate of divorce. The aforementioned statement, although literally true, is nevertheless misleading. Couples who live together may have greater chances to discover their partner’s weaknesses. Since they are living in a same room, each of their negative behavior and manner are highly visible by another partner. Consequently, they will be sick of one another one of these days. Because of misunderstanding and intolerance between couple, there may be more arguments and conflicts. Furthermore, relationship with partners may get worse under certain  circumstances. When no one is willing to give in on things which they argue for, this may be considered as a critical situation for both parties. Another argument that put forward by opponents is that relationship of couples who live together lasts longer. As far as relationship is concerned, cohabitation is often beneficial. While it is true to say that the sweet memories they build together result in a more firm relationship, these memories sometimes can also turn out to be nightmares. Firstly, either party may be pressurized to have sex. If one decides to abstain from sex until marriage, yet he/she is regularly pressurized to have sex, he/she may not feel being respected and trusted. Secondly, girls may end up with premarital pregnancy. Studies show that majority of teenagers aged between 15 and 20 who live together with their partners have become pregnant. Pregnancy further leads couples to a lot of complications like abortion and so on. Therefore, their relationship is greatly affected. Lastly, couples may get infected with Sexually Transmitted Diseases (STD). STD can cause serious illnesses and long-term effects on both males and females. If one is being infected by STD, he/she will lose faith in their relationship. It seems that the openness of the society encourages cohabitation; parents should play role in influencing their kids and not allowing their kids to cohabit with partners. If something is not going to be done to address this problem, more and more teenagers will be suffering from the consequences that arise from cohabitation. Having said these, the behavior of young people living together before marriage is unacceptable. Bibliography: http://www.greattowait.com/relationships.html

Compensated Dating

Wu Wing-ying (right) says compensated dating is not school-category specific, â€Å"Even if a student studies well, her moral and values may not be correct, and will love to make quick bucks for brand names as well† A survey found that nearly five percent of secondary school respondents said they would involve in enjo-kosai, of which 2% came from (Band 1) secondary schools. There was a case in which a Band 1 17-years-old secondary school girl, who engaged in enjo-kosai for fun and quick money, recognized the consequences of enjo-kosai after contracting a sexually transmitted diseases. The agency responsible for the survey/investigation saw that the values of compensated dating girls had been distorted, instead the agency emphasized that enjo-kosai was equivalent to prostitution, and that young girls needed to bear the consequences of enjo-kosai such as contracting sexually transmitted diseases, pregnancy and psychological problems. The Hong Kong Association of Sexuality Educators, Researchers & Therapists Ltd, using questionnaires, interviewed nearly 3000, average age of 15 years old, Form 1. to Form 6 students in May 3000. Survey showed that 4. 6 percent of respondents said they would engage in enjo-kosai, of which 2% came from Band 1 schools, followed by 1. 7% from Band 3 schools; and 6. 6% secondary school students responded that they knew or they are friends with students currently in enjo-kosai. The survey also pointed out that, 87% respondents saw enjo-kosai as a means to earn money for high consumption, such as to buy brand-name items. Second, 43% said they could find affection/being loved in enjo-kosai, as well as 24% respondents said they engaged in enjo-kosai for drugs. In addition, 61% of respondents thought enjo-kosai was immoral; but 45% believed enjo-kosai was a way of social life that provided different needs, and 38 percent believed enjo-kosai was the best way to make quick money. Ng wing-ying, vice chairman of the Association said that Hong Kong girls had many misunderstanding of enjo-kosai thinking enjo-kosai was not immoral, and even thought that enjo-kosai did not involve sex but love from money exchange, and access to care/concern, to which she believed having such distorted values and belief will cause great harm. She believed schools category had no impact to people engaging in enjo-kosai, â€Å"Even if a student studies well in school, her/his moral and values may not be correct that he/she will also earn quick money for favorite brand name. † Ng said she had contact with a 17-years-old girl compensated dating girl called Aling (a pseudonym) coming from Band 1 secondary school with a middle-class family background. Due to wanting to make quick money, have fun and hope to obtain concern/care, she engaged in enjo-kosai, who also recruited those female students lacking money or wanting to have fun into the â€Å"sea† of prostitution. Yesterday, The Association played a short segment of Aling's interview yesterday. Aling said that she started enjo-kosai at the age of 14 because she could make easy money. She charged about 1500 dollars, or even as high as 4000 dollars. Once, her customer didn't use condom and she had sexually transmitted infection. She said that she only stopped enjo-kosai after meeting her boyfriend, and contracting sexually transmitted diseases. She deeply regreted for engaging in enjo-kosai. Ng wing-ying worried that enjo-kosai would proliferated rapidly through the Internet, coupled with summer approaching, enjo-kosai would become the hottest summer job. She pointed out that young girls already had fuzzy moral boundary, as Internet popularized, the prevalence of compensated dating would spread to internet as well, such as online enjo-kosai advertising in which young girls treated prostitution as selling goods, clearly stating their figure measurements, age, and range of services which reflected the girls had completely itemize themselves as goods for sale. Ng also pointed out that some prostitution synidcations would induce girls with drugs so that they could easily manipulate the girls to long-term prostitution once the girls were addicted to drugs, however Ng emphasized that enjo-kosai is prostitution, and young girls should be aware of potential problems from enjo-kosai such as sexually transmitted diseases, pregnancy, sexual assault and consequences of other psychological effects. She added that parents should be vigilant about their children's behaviors, including whether they had suddenly have more money, bought brand-names and cellphones, as well as instilling their children proper values. In addition, the Police should vigorously deter compensated dating activities, and schools should also incorporate moral and sex education into the curriculum of moral and sexual education in order to stop this unhealthy rising trend of enjo-kosai. reasons to compensated dating 1. 87% wants to make quick bucks for spending on brand names 2. 47% says they like customers to give expensive gifts 3. 3% wants to be loved by someone 4. 42% earns money to buy drugs 5. 33% to earn tuition fee and pay family expense In the past, police had cracked down many enjo-kosai activities. In one operation, police found 20 underage girls, of which the youngest was only 13 years old. The girls and the clients both thought enjo-kosai was a normal social activity. Social worker said young girl s in enjo-kosai thought they had the freedom to pick clients therefore they did not picture themselves as prostitutes, and these young girls also over-estimated their problem solving abilities, such that their situations was similar to people with drug problem. Police and social workers are calling for parents, teachers and school social workers to pay attention to the abnormal behavior of girls. Kowloon West Crime Headquarters Chief Inspector of the fifth team, Chung Chi-Ming said in September last year to target enjo-kosai, they commenced their first operation â€Å"whale search operation†, and successfully bashed two prostitution rings. In the second operation, though they found prostitution syndicates to have reduced activities, an emergence of â€Å"Internet Pimp† appeared, that is, a middle man who worked for both enjo-kosai girls and clients. There were even â€Å"female† middle men who became enjo-kosai girls first, then turned to pimping after they didn't want to engage in enjo-kosai†. From the operation, 20 girls, aged between 13 to 16 were found, of which some had disappearing records. Chung Chi-Ming said that compensated dating girls came from broken families, eager to be care, even embellished prostit ution into normal social activities, â€Å"the words they often say are: We are not chickens, just compensated dating†. Chung Chi-Ming urged parents and teachers to pay careful attention to students money spending behaviors through observation or conversation. If they found studnets to have profuse spending behavior, parents and teachers should seek help from school social workers so that social workers could make referrals for psychological counseling or contacted Police for possible criminal involvement.

Beowulf vs grendel Essays - Beowulf, English-language Films, Geats

Beowulf vs. Grendel The epic poem, Beowulf, is infused with the forces of darkness and the forces of light, heaven and hell. These forces symbolize the forces of good and evil, between two of the main characters, Beowulf, and his rival, Grendel. Grendel's watery lair is dark, and he only hunts at night? darkness. The heroic warriors halls were they rejoice is illuminated? light. These two examples are just one of the many differences portrayed in the epic. Along with differences, there are also similarities. For example, during Beowulf?s and Grendel?s fight scene, the characters appear to be the reincarnation of ancient Mithraic twins, Cautes and Cautopates, who represent life and death. Grendel and Beowulf are completely different beings, when one detail brings out a comparable change in the other. Grendel is a descendant of Cain and a man-eater who is feared by the Danes. Living with his mother at the bottom of a foul lake, which hence his name, ?grenja? meaning ?to bellow,? or ?bottom of a body of water.? Grendel comes out at night, leaving his watery den in search for food. His prey, drunken warriors who slumber in Hrothgar?s golden halls, slaughtering them as they sleep, and then dragging their bloody corpse back to his lair for a feast of his own. Legendary warrior from Geatland and Edgetho?s son, Beowulf, is human, but seems super-human, having the strength of thirty men. Beowulf is also a monster in some ways, but not in the sense as Grendel. Beowulf arrives at King Hrothgar?s kingdom with thirteen of his warriors, to assist King Hrothgar with Grendel, with King Hrothgar accepting Beowulfs pledge to kill Grendel. Beowulf plans to rest at King Hrothgar?s castle, and wait for Grendels arrival. Later that night, Grendel comes to the castle, devours some of the men, and then confronted by Beowulf. Grendel is immune to human weapons, so Beowulf confronts Grendel with his bare hands, and with his super-human strength, rips off Grendel?s arm. Grendel?s death and his evil nature are directly connected with darkness. The connection between evil and darkness are repetitive throughout the text, and is strongest with the physical description of Grendel?s den, where his dead corpse rests. As hell receives Grendel?s body, a sense of peace and relief is present. Beowulf?s primal desire for blood and violence and his tales of his killings do no differ much from Grendel?s bloody night massacres at Herot. Beowulf and Grendel neither need weapons to fight, Grendel being immune to man-made weapons, bewitched blades, and can not be wounded by them, but Beowulf, human, defeats Grendel without the aid of man-made weapons. This elevates Beowulf above the human standards, revealing more monstrous qualities. Beowulf and Grendel not only contradict each other, but they also compliment each other. They both symbolize heaven and hell, light and dark, life and death with each characteristic they each hold. Both characters take on ?non-human? attributes, Grendel being a monstrous being and Beowulf having superhuman abilities.

Meaning of Concepts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Meaning of Concepts - Essay Example The values must cover all of the possible outcomes of the event, while the total probabilities must sum to exactly 1, or 100%. For example, a single coin flip can take values ‘Heads or Tails’ with a probability of exactly 1/2 for each; these two values and two probabilities make up the probability distribution of the single coin flipping event. For example, a dart thrown at a dartboard has essentially zero probability of landing at a specific point, since a point is vanishingly small, but it has some probability of landing within a given area. The probability of landing within the small area of the bulls’ eye would (hopefully) be greater than landing on an equivalent area elsewhere on the board. A smooth function that describes the probability of landing anywhere on the dartboard is the probability distribution of the dart throwing event. The integral of the probability density function (pdf) over the entire area of the dartboard (and, perhaps, the wall surrounding it) must be equal to 1, since each dart must land somewhere. The normal distribution, also called the Gaussian distribution. In it each member of the family may be defined by two parameters, location and scale: the mean ("average", ÃŽ ¼) and variance (standard deviation squared) ÏÆ'2, respectively. Type I error, also known as an â€Å"error of the first kind†, â€Å"ÃŽ ± error†, or a â€Å"false positive†, the error of rejecting a null hypothesis when it is actually true. It occurs when we are observing a difference when in truth there is none. Type II error, also known as an â€Å"error of the second kind†, â€Å"ÃŽ ² error†, or a â€Å"false negative†, the error of failing to reject a null hypothesis when the alternative hypothesis is the true state of nature. In other words, this is the error of failing to observe a difference when in truth there is one. This type of error can only occur when the statistician fails to reject the null hypothesis. The

The Tendency of the Firm in a Monopolistic Market Essay

The Tendency of the Firm in a Monopolistic Market - Essay Example These differences between perfect competition and monopolistic competition have social welfare implications. In perfect competition, marginal revenue is the same as price and this reflects the optimum utility of goods as the price is also equal to marginal cost. Supply also meets the demand at the most efficient level. This is illustrated in Figure 1 where supply and demand achieved equilibrium. The case is different in a monopolistic competition where there are few or no competition. The tendency of the firm in a monopolistic market is to restrict production as can be shown in Figure 1 to drive prices up as represented by P1. The market then becomes inefficient because firms are not producing at a minimum cost where price is much higher than the cost of production. This has an implication in social welfare as inefficiency would mean requiring more resources to achieve the same utility of good thereby increasing the social cost. This is not the case in a perfect competition where mar ginal revenue is the same as price. In the diagram in Figure 2, a competitive market achieves an equilibrium where demand is met with supply (MC and AR intersect). It meant that the social service can be had at its cost and is, therefore, the most optimum level where the needed service is appropriately supplied without waste. Thus comparing perfect competition with a monopolistic market, price in the monopolistic market is higher as shown in P1 compared to Price of perfect competition in P2. Production is also inefficient in the monopolistic market as shown by Q1 as it is deliberately restricted to drive the price or P1.

How to decrease the possibility of having financial crisis Essay

How to decrease the possibility of having financial crisis - Essay Example The financial crisis in a company is an unplanned burden which may affect its resources, capabilities, the values and the goodwill of the company. Lack of corporate governance and business ethics is one of the reasons responsible for the financial crisis in an organization. Acemoglu and Johnson (2003) have said that managers should change their way of thinking by disregarding that mismanagement of the macroeconomic policies is responsible for the lack of corporate governance. They should plan for strategies to overcome crisis in an organisation. The business leaders should focus on the policies like the legal framework of the organisation and protection of the interest of the stakeholders and investors. A good relationship between the shareholders and the managers help to achieve corporate governance within an organisation. Lack of business ethics in an organisation is responsible for weak corporate governance. Business ethics help an organization to frame a corporate governance stra tegy consisting of values, principles, a good work culture and proper decision making ability of the organizations. Wood (2002) and Lagan (2006) have said that organizations need to set the business ethics with strategic objective which can provide scope for achievement of corporate governance. ... The purpose of this research is to provide a methodology by which an organization can achieve proper corporate governance required in order to reduce its financial crisis. The main objectives of this research are: To achieve transparency and fair operations within an organization. To provide proper decision making ability in order to achieve the goals of an organization. To protect the interest of the customers, the shareholders and the investors. To understand the needs and demands of the stakeholders. To prevent the occurrence of unethical behaviour within an organization. To understand the liability of the directors to the managers and the liability of the managers to the shareholders, also known as accountability. Methodology According to Joseph and Tobin (2006) research philosophy is a procedure of collecting data, analysing it and then interpreting the result in order to work on a particular research. Research philosophy mainly consists of two approaches. One is the positivist style and the other one is the phenomenological style. Positivist research model focuses on analyzing the interdependency of the external variables and internal variables. Positivist style is selected for this research, as this style deals with understanding of the internal affairs related to a business. Positivist style of research will also help to understand the reasons behind the lack of corporate governance in an organization. There are two types of research strategies, namely quantitative research methodology and qualitative research methodology. The research strategy chosen for this research is qualitative methodology. Qualitative research model is used for descriptive research. Qualitative research can be analysed in terms of culture, ethics and behaviour. Qualitative

The Fair Family Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

The Fair Family - Essay Example According to the discussion the central considerations are the medical, social and legal problems as a precursor to the relevant ethical considerations. As highlighted in the previous section, bioethics is inherently complex and there is no single correct approach. To this end, Kerridge et al propose the â€Å"space† paradigm in approaching ethical problems; which is essentially: â€Å"a region of turbulence where the space is defined by what is at stake – values relationships, behaviour and human flourishing† (p.6). As such, this â€Å"space† concept inherently depends on the nature of the discipline such as medical or nursing to determine the applicable ethics, which Kerridge et al suggest â€Å"means that ethics must ultimately be about discourse, communication, social relationships and politics†. Therefore ethics is rooted in social behaviour and culture as opposed to law or even clinical guidelines. From this study it is clear that in considering the model of ethical decision making in health care, Kerridge et al refer to the need to firstly state the problem within the ethical problem and other issues such as social, cultural and legal issues. If applied to the current factual scenario, in simple medical terms the problem is that failure to give Mr Fair and his daughter a blood transfusion will result in death, which clearly conflicts with the medical duty to act in the best interests of the patient. The medical problem in the current scenario is that Mr Fair has suffered serious chest injuries and a suspected lacerated/contusion of the spleen. In light of options available, the clinical team has determined that a blood transfusion is needed as a matter of emergency to save his life. Additionally, his daughter has sustained a lacerated liver, which also requires a blood transfusion to save her life.

Driving factors for a telecomms operator to move from Single vendor to Research Proposal

Driving factors for a telecomms operator to move from Single vendor to multi-vendor environment - Research Proposal Example These monopolies had many different dimensions. The knowledge was restricted from moving out of one’s own control. This was done by restricting education for foreign students and minimizing the disciplines of certain fields of science; that is when we talk about a national approach. The second method was nationalizing companies which dealt with technology. When the government controlled these companies it automatically meant that their policies could be controlled. These government controlled companies had little innovations and were bureaucratic structures which had the aim of producing everything in-house. The evolution of the business environment has had an impact on many different aspects of doing business. One of the most major impacts has been on supply chains and assembly lines of a manufacturing and service business (Ballow, 1999). This is because the phenomenon of outsourcing has totally changed the landscape (Ballow, 1999). The resource allocation in organizations has greatly changed with the introduction in outsourcing. Not long ago major of every organization resources were used in fixed assets. This reduced room for improvement. This was because once fixed expenditure was made; innovating meant spending more on fixed assets (Ballow, 1999). For example if a company introduced too many changes in model, each time some of its fixed assets became obsolete and it had to make new fixed expenditures. The recent increase in product ranges and continuous model upgrades has only been possible due to the innovation in supply chain management (Ballow, 1999). The companies in this strat egy buy parts from different vendors. These smaller components can then be assembled to form the final product (Ballow, 1999). The product upgrade and new model usually need change of a few components only. The service vendor companies on the other hand can provide outsourcing for many services that a company needs (Ballow, 1999). Network providers usually

Mentorship For Nursing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Mentorship For Nursing - Essay Example Consequentially, mentors are responsible for and can enhance the quality of mentoring culture in clinical settings. How to promote effective mentorship is a difficult question, but it is clear that a good mentor will avoid the errors of over-protection and the flaws of the master-protege relationship, but will display appreciation of students’ efforts, demonstrate genuine concern for their successes and promote mutuality and reciprocity in their relations with students. Mentorship is becoming a critical instrument of growing professional nurses. With the shortage of professional nursing staff, mentorship has a potential to expand the pool of professional, caring nurses in healthcare. â€Å"Mentorship initiatives, especially in hospital settings, are being introduced and fostered to attract nurses to healthcare systems with the primary goals of nursing retention and support† (Block et al 134). However, mentorship is not good by itself; rather, good mentorship is the key to developing and retaining professional nursing staff (Jarvis 415). Much has been written and said about factors affecting mentorship and mentored students, in particular. Apart from the fact that students assessed formatively on their hand washing skills experience anxiety and anticipation, formative assessment also exemplifies the final product of the long process of mentoring and can be used to expose the flaws and inconsistencies in student-mentor relations. A student assessed formatively on their hand washing skills is primarily influenced by the quality of their relationship with the mentor, mentor guidance, culture, and leadership style (Bally 144; Bell-Ellison & Dedrick 556-7; Littlejohn 456; Saarikoski 1016). Guidance affects the quality of nursing student results, as it represents routine elements of daily cooperation with students, including problem-solving activities and planning formative assessment of the basic nursing skills (Bell-Ellison & Dedrick 556; Berk et al 70 ). The quality of the student’s presentation is profoundly influenced by their relationship with the mentor; this relationship incorporates a complex set of elements, including student and mentor’s personal problems, worldview, and social activities (Bell-Ellison & Dedrick 557). One important aspect that influences both the relationship and the results of formative assessment is the mentor’s leadership style, as well as the supervision system (Saarikoski 1016). Simply stated, how the student is assessed and what skills he (she) develops as a result of the mentorship program largely depends upon the quality of mentor’s supervision and their understanding of the students’ experiences, contexts, and cultures (Saarikoski 1016). The importance of the mentorship-culture relationship can hardly be overstated. Successful mentors must be able to create a â€Å"full† picture of the organization and leadership, by recognizing a complex interrelationshi p between mentorship, leadership and organizational culture (Bally 144; Callahan & Ruchlin 296; Neuhauser 471). This picture will help nursing mentors to understand how various aspects of one and the same culture interact. The choice of particular leadership style must also depend upon the culture, in which students and mentors interact, since no mentorship will work when there is no leadership-culture congruence

How Did the Protestant Reformation Affect Colonization in the Colonies Research Paper

How Did the Protestant Reformation Affect Colonization in the Colonies - Research Paper Example These preachers mainly had their presence in the areas of northern and central Europe. Protestant Reformation and their followers questioned the position of the Pope. The way in which the Catholic Church looked into religion of Christianity was questioned by this group of Protestants. In the era prior to the Protestant Reformation, the entities that had control over the political power of the country aligned with the Church and there was a concentration of the authority. They claimed that the way in which the power remained in the Church and thereby on the Pope were not acceptable in the modern society. There should be an equitable distribution of power between the Church as well as the princes and pastors who read the Bible. They argued that this political and religious concentration of power in the hands of the Pope should be abolished (Brady 173). This protest and exhibition of the new idea would result in a number of persecutions and wars that the world would witness. History of Protestant Reformation and Colonialism In the medieval the entire Europe happened to believe in Christianity as the guiding light of the people and relied on the teachings of Jesus Christ. However, a sect of the population started questioning the authority of the Pope of Rome. The administrative set up was such that there were smaller units of state and the ruler of each state would determine what religion the people of that state would follow. A large section of the people had shifted to the newly discovered lands of America. These territories belonged to the original states of England, France, Spain, Sweden and Netherlands in Europe. The incident of the discovery of America and the outbreak of the Protestant movement happened almost at the same time. It had a far-reaching effect on the way the new lands were set up and the way people got settled there. The concepts of territorialism came into the scene when the various communities lived in the same land with religious diversity. T hroughout Europe there was a mix in the culture and the religious beliefs. Hence there was not a single religion or faith that governed the people of Europe through many wars were fought to make one central religion by the different groups. The religious rulers of the different states of Europe tried to extend their authority to the America as well. This history has lets its evidence in some of the places of Canada, Mexico and the USA. Another idea that was central to the theme of Protestant Reformation was the freedom of conscience for the people. The people of America were liberated and they had the autonomy to pursue any religious belief that they wished to follow. The idea that was newly formed in the minds of the people was that there was one God and he was the supreme power. The Pope of Rome was not the only mediator. The common people could reach to God through other ways as well. They were free to advocate the religious faith that they believed in and worship God in the form they wanted to. Ideas of Martin Luther King Martin Luther was originally a Catholic himself who had challenged the supremacy of the papal rule. The ideas that he gave was extremely revolutionary in nature and it created turmoil in entire Germany at first and then in Europe.  

Indigenous Australians Study - Groups Experiencing Inequality Essay Example for Free

Indigenous Australians Study Groups Experiencing Inequality Essay 517,000 people or 2. 5% of the total Australian population is ATSI. In 2006, the ATSI population had a median age of 21 years compared with 37 years for the non-Indigenous population. In June 2006, 32% of ATSI’s people living in major cities, 43% in regional areas, and 25% in remote areas. MORTALITY Life expectancy for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men is 67. 2 years where for non-indigenous men it is 78. 7 years. For Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander women, their life expectancy is 72. 9 years and 82. 6 years for non-Indigenous women Male Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander infant mortality in the Northern Territory was about 15 deaths per 1,000 live births, while female Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander infant mortality was 12 deaths per 1,000. For non-Indigenous males the rate was 4. 4 deaths per 1,000 births and for females it was 3. 3 deaths per 1,000 The main causes of death is diseases of the circulatory system (668 or 25. 7%), Neoplasms (495 or 19. 0%), External causes of mortality (353 or 13. 6%) and Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (251 or 9. 7%) accounted for just over two-thirds (68. 0%) of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander deaths. MORBIDITY Main causes of poor health: †¢Asthma †¢Heart and circulatory problems/diseases †¢Hearing loss and diseases of the ear †¢Diabetes †¢Kidney Disease Asthma was reported by around one in seven Indigenous Australians (15%) in 2004-05 ATSI people were 1. 6 times more likely to report asthma as non-Indigenous people. Asthma was reported almost twice as often in non-remote areas (17%) as in remote areas (9%) with ATSI’s. Indigenous people were 1. 3 times more likely than non-Indigenous people to report heart disease and/or circulatory problems Around one in eight Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people (12%) reported ear diseases and/or hearing problems in 2004-05, compared to 15% reported in 2001 In 2004-05, half the adult Indigenous population (50%) were current daily smokers. Indigenous adults are more than twice as likely as non-Indigenous adults to be current daily smokers. In 2004-05, around half of all Indigenous adults (49%) reported having consumed alcohol in the week prior to interview, of whom one-third (16%) reported drinking at risky/high risk levels. The sociocultural, socioeconomic and environmental determinants. Indigenous people are generally less healthy than other Australians, have lower life expectancy, higher levels of disability and a lower quality of life. The contributors to their poorer levels of health include: SOCIOCULTURAL DETERMINANTS Cultural divisions and conflicts since the European settlement -In 2008 only 19% of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people aged 15 years and over and 13% of children (3–14 years) spoke an Aboriginal or Torres Strait Islander language. -In 2008, almost one-third (31%) of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children aged 3–14 years spent at least one day a week with an Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander leader or elder. -More Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people are identifying with a clan, tribal or language group, increased from 54% in 2002 to 62% in 2008 Social factors ATSI reported sense of ‘loss of control of their own lives’ due to communal approaches to family, remoteness of communities and incompatibility with educational institutions and legal systems. 2008 AIHW emphasises that these social determinants clearly increase the likelihood of exposure to health risk factors such as: -Tobacco use – 50% of ATSI, twice as high as non-ATSI -Alcohol consumption – 1 in 6 reported chronic levels of risky drinking -Illicit drug use – twice the amount of reported illicit drug use SOCIOECONOMIC DETERMINANTS -The 1981 National Population and Housing Census indicated that the annual Aboriginal income per head was approximately one-half of that of the Australian population as a whole. -Lower incomes in ATSI relative to non-ATSI still persist, in 2006 median household incomes was only 55% of non-ATSI -More Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people completed Year 12 22% (of people aged 15 years and over) in 2008, up from 18% in 2002. -The unemployment rate for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Australians fell from 23% in 2002 to 17% in 2008, but remained more than three times higher than the rate for non-Indigenous Australians (5% in 2008). ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINANTS -Most (76%) of Aboriginals live in major cities and have access to adequate health care, clean water -Remote communities are affected by water shortages and poorer health services -Communication barriers exist The roles of individuals, communities and governments in addressing the health inequities. INDIVIDUALS Individuals in groups experiencing health inequities should focus solely on being as healthy as possible in their given circumstances. This includes the control of modifiable determinants of health and the utilisation of health services that are being provided. Modifiable determinants of health include: -Diet -Exercise -Smokers status Non-modifiable determinants of health include: -Age -Gender -Culture (role models within culture, social norms within culture etc) -Socioeconomic status -Geographic location -Access to health services -Education COMMUNITIES Health care services may not be accessed due to: -Location of health services in relation to home -Cost. -Cultural barriers (if it is not something that family members have done, others may not be inclined to do it) -Time (a full-time student or mother for example may not have time to go out of their way to get screening or testing done) Some services that are provided include: -All initiatives of ‘Close the Gap’ program -COAG Mental Health Mental Health services in Rural and Remote Areas (MHSRRA) -Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Aged Care Workforce Employment and Training Funding -Mobile Dental Services (Closing the Gap Indigenous dental services in rural and regional areas) -Substance Use Combating Petrol Sniffing. -Northern Territory Remote Health Workforce Child Abuse Training and Development -Mobile Outreach Service (MOS) Health services aim to: -Increase life expectancy of ATSI -Provide better education opportunities for students and ensure work placement for those who attend tertiary schools to increase attendance and completion of secondary school -Increase access to health services for the benefit of prevalence and incidence of illness and disease GOVERNMENTS. Organisations in charge of the health of ATSI peoples: -The Australian Government Department of Health: Rural and Regional Health + Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Health -NACCHO: The National Aboriginal Community Controlled Health Organisation -AHMRC: The Aboriginal Health and Medical Research Council of NSW Some health services being implemented to ATSI peoples at a government level: -Close the Gap -Healthy For Life -Strong Fathers Strong Families. -National Partnership Agreement for Indigenous Early Childhood Development (NPA IECD) -New Directions: Mothers and Babies Services Indigenous Health National Partnership Agreement 5 Priority Areas of Bettering Aboriginal Health 1. Tackling Smoking 2. Primary health care services that can deliver 3. Fixing the gaps and improving the patient journey 4. Providing a healthy transition to adulthood 5. Making Indigenous health everyone’s business.

Fast Food Nation Essay Example for Free

Fast Food Nation Essay â€Å"Fast Food Nation† is a film directed by Richard Linklater and it was released in the year 2006. This is one of those films, which provide new sources of thinking to a generation. This film deals with a large number of topics, which are old but still existing on our planet. Among these topics the mentionable ones are gender, ethnicity, class, sexual orientation and oppression. The film also shows that although being different parts of the social strata – these things are actually well related with each other. They act not only in the small communities but also throughout the world. There is no bar for these topics among the developed and developing countries in the present day world. â€Å"Fast Food Nation† upholds the problems, which are old enough to have been erased by now. But as a matter of fact, they still loom large in the human societies of all standards. Don Anderson is the main character of the movie. He is the famous Anderson who is known for the preparation of â€Å"Big One† of Mickey’s hamburger. This shows how the protagonist of the film is connected with the world of fast food. The main thing around which the film is constructed is to judge whether these businesses are honest or not. Anderson is not a bad human being but as a matter of fact he does not seem to know everything that is associated with his business. He finds one fault with the products of his company and travels to Cody in Colorado to trace the source of these bad and unhealthy ingredients in the products. Cody in Colorado is the center for the preparation of all the products of Mickey’s. Very soon Anderson comes to know about the faults that are actually taking place while manufacturing the products of his company. These are some of the most horrible truths waiting for him. The film has dealt with some other complicacies as well. Among them, the most important one is the exploitation of the illegal immigrants. People come to America to win a good fortune from various corners of the world. Mexico is one of these countries from where a number of illegal immigrants come in search of jobs. Very soon after entering the country they are exploited by the white settlers of the United States of America. Fast food culture has given birth to a huge industry in this country and most of the immigrants are taken in for the jobs that are available in this industry. Cheap labor is the main reason why the companies are always interested in taking these employees. By doing this, they can also earn a huge amount of profit within short time. (Linklater, et al, 2006) The tagline of â€Å"Fast Food Nation† says â€Å"The Truth Is Hard To Swallow†. In a way this film introduces the audience with the modern day world where almost every vice is present in the society just as they used to exist in the past. The presence of cow manure in the Mickey’s product is highly symbolic as it shows the commonly found tendency to live by cheating on others. A fast food nation like USA today looks after only the benefits from the business and not after the quality of service they are providing the customers with. This is the harsh truth, which Don Anderson discovers in his own company while visiting Cody in Colorado. â€Å"Fast Food Nation† is a movie that concentrates on many of the recent problems, which we come across in the modern world. Apart from that there are also other problems, which are not felt by us. Some of the downtrodden people have to face these truths in their lives. This is really unfortunate as we talk about the overall development of the world we act in a very hypocritical way. According to some of the well known critics â€Å"Fast Food Nation† is a well made angry movie which vents out the idealistic wrath on the wrong way in which the nation like USA is traveling towards a so called progress. It is obviously a credit going to Richard Linklater for the fact that he has chosen such a sensitive subject on which the economy of USA is dependent to a great extent. The glamour-less style of the movie is one of the most important symbolic, which is followed throughout the movie. We all know that America is a country of glamour and this is why a movie based on this country is hoped to be flashing with glamour and style. Unlike all other movies, â€Å"Fast Food Nation† is an entirely anti-glamour movie where all the characters are the dwellers of a very indifferent land. Truth hidden beneath the glamour is the main motive of this movie and this is why Linklater has focused more on incidents rather than the glamorous aspect of the film. (Morris, 2006) Linklater is very much successful in taking the audience to the root of the problems. He takes the audience to the slaughterhouses where raw materials for hamburger are produced. Visiting these places the audience is able to go through a series of events, which are revealing about how USA still deals on the grounds of race, gender and ethnicity. The Mexican immigrants are nothing better than the cows, which are slaughtered for the production. They are also exploited to a huge extent. By connecting to the story of the Mexican border Linklater actually introduces the audience with another horrible truth, which is looming large in the country. The country, which boasts of its democracy, is itself a system of exploitation and this is something, which Fast Food Nation deals with very carefully. Uniglobe is the meat plant where the team of Mexican workers joins. This is the place where the white Americans take the full advantage over the Mexicans as they have come in the country obtaining illegal process. It is very shocking to see a white that works as the floor supervisor threats the Mexican workers to kill them through the slaughtering machine unless they work properly. This show of rudeness opens up the horrible way in which the white people in American society are still dealing with the Mexicans. Money is the main thing, which draws the poor Mexicans to this vast land of USA where they have neither identity nor respect. There is a scene in the movie where a Mexican falls inside the slaughtering machine and loses his hand, which is chopped by the blade. The terrible scene is something, which agitates the audience to the core. Fast Food Nation not only focuses on the macro system of the society but also on the micro system where the workers are exploited at the same rate. We see the troubles, which are faced by Sylvia, the Mexican young woman who starts working as a hotel room cleaner. She faced huge problems in the slaughterhouse of Uniglobe where her husband and sister continue to work. The dangers of crossing the border are one of the most important elements, which the movie has dealt with. It shows the extent of risk, which the Mexicans are ready to undertake for their survival. Throughout the film it has dealt with huge problems in modern America. But the most important thing about them is the fact that everything, which happens in the life of the Mexican friends, is also the parts of the greater American life. Exploitation and all the other associated elements in the movie are actually representing the wholesome picture of the United States of America.   (Mother Jones, 2006) The use of satire in the film is a main thing, which consolidates the theme even more. There are actually three narrative parts that have been used in this movie. The pattern of the movie is very much like the documentary films, which shows the true picture of the world and easily deal with even some of the most controversial topics. Apart from human cruelty, animal cruelty is also an integral part of the film. However, the movie also concentrates on the matter of sexual orientation, which is a big issue in today’s America. Amber, the role played by Ashley Johnson, faces problems seeing the difference of sexual orientations among her friend. She asks her close friends not to meet cute looking boys, believing that they practice homosexuality. This is somehow associated with the slaughterhouse atmosphere and the theme thus becomes more convincing.

Case Study Marketing Mix Marketing Essay

Case Study Marketing Mix Marketing Essay It has already become a commonplace to say that marketing is now constantly evolving and changing; marketing approaches are increasingly applied in commercial companies and nonprofit organizations all over the world. In this regard, many elements of the marketing theory have become universally accepted classical marketing tools: segmentation and positioning, the concept of product life cycle, Ansoff matrix, BCG and GE matrix, SWOT-analysis, etc. The same world popular marketing tool became the concept of Marketing Mix that is generally known as the Four Ps. Thus, it is necessary to describe main elements of the marketing mix in this project. Also it is necessary to show how each of the four elements of the marketing mix affects the development of the organizations marketing strategy and tactics. The organization of my choice is Sony Corporation. Marketing Mix Definition The term marketing mix became often used after a famous Neil H. Borden published his article titled The Concept of the Marketing Mix in 1964. It was not the first mentioning of this term, because Borden began using this term in the late 1940s when James Culliton had described the marketing manager as a special kind of mixer of ingredients. Interpretation of those ingredients in marketing mix by Borden included not only product, price, place and promotion, but also planning, branding, personal selling, servicing, distribution channels, advertising, analysis etc. Thus, in this part of this project it is necessary to define the concept of the marketing mix. According to Wilson and Gilligan (2004), it becomes obvious that nowadays Marketing Mix is a major concept in modern marketing and involves practically everything that a marketing company can use to influence consumer perception favorably towards its product or services so that consumer and organizational objectives are attained, i.e. Marketing mix is a model of crafting and implementing marketing strategy. In other words, marketing mix is a set of marketing tools through which the company seeks a way to influence the demand for goods or services; also it is a set of actions (strategies) that form the demand for certain goods at a specified price at a certain place with the use of certain promotion. Marketing Mix in Details As it was above mentioned Marketing mix consists of four main elements: Product; Price; Place (distribution); Promotion. Describing marketing mix with more details it is necessary to say that the above numerated marketing tools have been isolated from many others primarily because their use has a direct impact on demand and could encourage consumers to make purchases. Conducting of market research, analysis of strengths and weaknesses of the firm, segmentation and other marketing tools, of course, also help marketers in their quest to increase demand for products and services of certain companies, but have only an indirect effect: for example, the demand will not increase just because the firm had marketing research or segmentation of consumers. The result of a successful marketing research can be used to change one or more elements of the marketing mix and is the only way to influence consumer demand. (We should note that the aim to increase demand is not always the true aim, because the elements of marketing mix can be combined and used with the aim to reduce demand that is called demarketing, accord ing to F. Kotler definition.) Another useful property of the elements included in the marketing mix, is their control the marketer can control every element to the desired impact on demand, choose the most promising combination of elements. In addition, the order of the elements of the marketing mix clearly shows the sequence of the main marketing functions implementation. Product as an Element of marketing mix Product offered by a company in the market implies the presence of a set of specific properties in its nature, both material defining the physical features of product (color, packaging, warranty, size, taste, etc.) and intangible the elements of emotional evaluation (degree of commitment to consumers, easy handling, prestige, quality, style, etc.). First of all, it is necessary to determine what the company promotes on the market: consumer goods or industrial goods, product or service. From the standpoint of marketing mix, during the sale of industrial products is more important factual information about a product, since the decision on their purchase depends on professionals opinion. In turn, when referring to buyers of consumer products marketers usually used more emotional appeal. Price as an Element of Marketing Mix In most cases price represents a monetary expression of value of the products and should be installed as the compromise between the seller and buyer. Marketing mix should reflect the price from the buyers position. Companies use price marketing mix strategies for the purpose of to stay competitive and create a positive consumer attitude to the product. In addition, for the purpose of remaining competitive marketing mix strategy, the company can sell the product, comparable to the basic properties of a similar nature at a lower price. If the seller uses the value of the products to fight with competitors, he must show the buyer the price ratio of its product in comparison with others. Place as an Element of Marketing Mix Distribution channels are people and organizations that help move products from the producer to the end consumer. Marketing mix distribution is based on the following scheme: wholesalers buy goods from a manufacturer or another wholesaler and sell it using retail or wholesale trade. They tend to use promotion as an element of marketing mix (personal selling, for example) and take measures to stimulate sales. But at this stage they may also use other marketing mix strategies, such as the sale of mail order, advertising in specialized publications, issue directories, participating in trade fairs. Promotion as an element of Marketing Mix According to Lancaster and Reynolds (2005), we see that in the context of the marketing mix, promotion represents the various aspects of marketing communication, that is, the communication information about the product with the goal of generating a positive customer response. In addition Lancaster and Reynolds (2005) stated that marketing communication decisions include: promotion strategy (push, pull, etc.), advertising, personal selling and sales force, sales promotion, public relations and publicity, and marketing communications budget). Sony Corporation in Brief Sony Corporation is an active follower of marketing mix and we are going to discuss the implementation of the marketing mix four elements by giving it as example. Thus, modern Sony Corporation is a giant organism. It is large in size, complex in structure, operates in nearly all countries of the world and managed by an international team of managers. It becomes obvious that Sony Corporation is not only a multinational conglomerate corporation, but it is also considered to be one of the worlds largest media conglomerate. In its rapid development, Sony Corporation has passed through three major stages: the small producer, specialized company and the big monopoly. The key points of Sony Corporation development are the choice of major goals and setting ambitious scientific and engineering problems. Marketing Mix and Sony Corporation Analyzing product as the first component of the marketing mix by giving Sony Corporation as example we see that Sony products are oriented on different people and companies that allow to make the circle of potential consumers as wide as possible. Customers always look for novelties having good brand and excellent quality, so a variety of products ranging from different electronic devices to entertainment area (such as games, for example) allows Sony Corporation to be not only competitive, but also successful company. In Sony Corporation pricing, decisions are always made in consultation with marketing management and relating Sonys prices to the quality of its products, all customers are sure that they will pay normal price for excellent product. Thinking about the distribution we should mention that Sony Corporation sells its products in various channels. Three branches of distribution such as exclusive, selective and intensive network give the opportunity to satisfy the need of every consumer, who is interested in Sonys products. Promotion is a key element of success of any company and Sony Corporation has a huge promotional budget that covers not only advertising, but also personal selling, sales promotion, direct marketing and publicity. In this case promotion of products is a marketing pressure applied in a certain limited period of time to stimulate trial purchases, increasing demand from customers or improve the quality of the products. Thus, using all components of marketing mix Sony Corporation operates successfully. Despite the fact that Sony Corporation is not a young company, it can not be considered ossified. The style of the companys management still distinguishes by newness and freshness of the young company and it remains popular through a series of measures to control the implementation of all marketing mix components. Conclusion Thus, after considering the transformation of the marketing mix it can be concluded that the marketing mix is a set of parameters of the marketing activities of the organization, when it tries to meet the needs of target markets in the best way. To sum up, it is possible to say that there were discussed all necessary components of marketing mix and its implementation by giving Sony Corporation as example.

Violence on Televison :: TV Violence

The Effects of Violence on Television What has our society come to these days? Everywhere we look, violence is present; in the streets, back alleys, school, and even at home. Even if one might be a pacifist, violence will seep its way into our homes through the television. Some children that see violence on television are pulled into its harmful deceptions of problem solving. Scientists have tried to explain why children are so amused by a big glowing box and the action that takes place within it. Research shows that television is a major source of violence for children. This research shows us that violence appeals to every audience, including children. The effects have been seen in a number of cases. One example, from Alabama, was when a nine-year-old boy received a bad report card from his teacher. He suggested to one of his friends that he send the teacher poisoned candy as revenge. He had seen the same scenario on television the night before. In California, a 7 year old boy sprinkled ground-up glass into the lamb stew the family was to eat for dinner. When asked why he did it he replied that he wanted to see if the results would be the same in real life as they were on television (Howe 72). Some people might not accept a child’s diversion of blame, but it must be pointed out that all of children claimed to have seen a similar act on television. We should not hold television directly responsible for these acts, but understand that it is television that plants a violent seed in the minds of these children. Some psychologists and psychiatrists feel that continued exposure to such violence might unnaturally speed up the impact of the adult world on the child. This can force the child into a kind of premature maturity. As the child matures into an adult, he can become bewildered, have a greater distrust towards others, a superficial approach to adult problems, and even an unwillingness to become an adult (Carter 14). Others see television as an unhealthy imposition into a child’s learning process, substituting easy pictures for the discipline of reading and concentrating and transforming the young viewer into a hypnotized non-thinker (Langone 48). As you can see, television violence can disrupt a child’s learning and thinking ability, which will cause life long problems. The television violence can cause actual violence in a number of ways. Violence on Televison :: TV Violence The Effects of Violence on Television What has our society come to these days? Everywhere we look, violence is present; in the streets, back alleys, school, and even at home. Even if one might be a pacifist, violence will seep its way into our homes through the television. Some children that see violence on television are pulled into its harmful deceptions of problem solving. Scientists have tried to explain why children are so amused by a big glowing box and the action that takes place within it. Research shows that television is a major source of violence for children. This research shows us that violence appeals to every audience, including children. The effects have been seen in a number of cases. One example, from Alabama, was when a nine-year-old boy received a bad report card from his teacher. He suggested to one of his friends that he send the teacher poisoned candy as revenge. He had seen the same scenario on television the night before. In California, a 7 year old boy sprinkled ground-up glass into the lamb stew the family was to eat for dinner. When asked why he did it he replied that he wanted to see if the results would be the same in real life as they were on television (Howe 72). Some people might not accept a child’s diversion of blame, but it must be pointed out that all of children claimed to have seen a similar act on television. We should not hold television directly responsible for these acts, but understand that it is television that plants a violent seed in the minds of these children. Some psychologists and psychiatrists feel that continued exposure to such violence might unnaturally speed up the impact of the adult world on the child. This can force the child into a kind of premature maturity. As the child matures into an adult, he can become bewildered, have a greater distrust towards others, a superficial approach to adult problems, and even an unwillingness to become an adult (Carter 14). Others see television as an unhealthy imposition into a child’s learning process, substituting easy pictures for the discipline of reading and concentrating and transforming the young viewer into a hypnotized non-thinker (Langone 48). As you can see, television violence can disrupt a child’s learning and thinking ability, which will cause life long problems. The television violence can cause actual violence in a number of ways.

Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sports Essay -- Steroids Drugs Sport At

Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sports When involved in sports, you have to be competitive. You need to win more than anybody else. However, athletes are taking winning to the extreme. As the use of performance enhancing drugs is becoming more popular amongst athletes, many of them do not understand the risks involved in taking these drugs. Many people are looking for a quick way to build muscles, or to get stronger the fastest way possible. Using these performance aids may very well be a quick fix for many athletes, but taking the drugs is unethical and dangerous. Using special drugs to boost an athlete’s performance is degrading to sports and to the athlete, but after they stop using the drugs and lose some strength, you become trapped in the steroid cycle. Steroids were developed in Europe around 1930 to treat undernourished and healing patients after surgery. Steroids are a synthetic version of the human hormone called testosterone. It stimulates development of bones and muscles. Competitive weightlifters began using these steroids around the 1950s as a way to increase their athletic performance and gain an upper hand on the rest of their competitors. After its initial use in bodybuilding, the drug spread like fire through the rest of the sports world, ranging from sports in high school to professional athlete in the Olympic Games. Steroids may be taken by injection or orally. Steroids can be divided into two types: anabolic and androgenic, but the distinction in some ways is artificial. Anabolic steroids mainly affect the metabolism, immunity and muscle, while androgenic steroids have strong masculinisation effects on women and sometimes feminisation on men. Athletes should not take steroids or supplements as they can lead to addiction and severe health problems and other side effects. Some of the health problems include sterility, heart or liver disease, kidney damage, coronary artery disease, high blood pressure and cancer in males and females. Other common side effects are increased aggressiveness and paranoia. The list can go on and on. Female users face even more problems than male users. In females, many physical changes may occur such as growth of facial and body hair, deepening of the voice, diminished breasts, and abnormal menstrual cycles. If taken by to early, anabolic steroids may stunt growth, by fusing the growth plates. ... ...ce today, but the laws against steroids should be enforced more often. While users believe it is their decision to use drugs to gain strength, their friends and family will have to deal with the consequences as well as the user because of the side effects and possible death of the user. A person can use steroids just one time, but that one time can kill him twenty years down the road. References American Fitness Magazine. (2004, September/October). Out of Control. Retrieved February 10, 2005, from EBSCOhost database. [Journal article] Leshner, A.I. (n.d.) Anabolic Steroid Abuse, National Institute on Drug Abuse. http://www.drugabuse.gov/ResearchReports/Steroids/Anabolicsteroids.html [Online] Mishra, R. (June 1, 1995). Steroids and Sports Are a Losing Combination, US Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved February 10, 2005, from http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/CONSUMER/CON00107.html [Online] National Institute on Drug Abuse. Anabolic Steroid Abuse. (n.d.). Retrieved February 10, 2005 from http://www.steroidabuse.org [Online] â€Å"Steroids.† http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/drugfact/steroids/index.html [Online] â€Å"Steroids.† Britannica Online Encyclopaedia [Online] Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sports Essay -- Steroids Drugs Sport At Performance Enhancing Drugs in Sports When involved in sports, you have to be competitive. You need to win more than anybody else. However, athletes are taking winning to the extreme. As the use of performance enhancing drugs is becoming more popular amongst athletes, many of them do not understand the risks involved in taking these drugs. Many people are looking for a quick way to build muscles, or to get stronger the fastest way possible. Using these performance aids may very well be a quick fix for many athletes, but taking the drugs is unethical and dangerous. Using special drugs to boost an athlete’s performance is degrading to sports and to the athlete, but after they stop using the drugs and lose some strength, you become trapped in the steroid cycle. Steroids were developed in Europe around 1930 to treat undernourished and healing patients after surgery. Steroids are a synthetic version of the human hormone called testosterone. It stimulates development of bones and muscles. Competitive weightlifters began using these steroids around the 1950s as a way to increase their athletic performance and gain an upper hand on the rest of their competitors. After its initial use in bodybuilding, the drug spread like fire through the rest of the sports world, ranging from sports in high school to professional athlete in the Olympic Games. Steroids may be taken by injection or orally. Steroids can be divided into two types: anabolic and androgenic, but the distinction in some ways is artificial. Anabolic steroids mainly affect the metabolism, immunity and muscle, while androgenic steroids have strong masculinisation effects on women and sometimes feminisation on men. Athletes should not take steroids or supplements as they can lead to addiction and severe health problems and other side effects. Some of the health problems include sterility, heart or liver disease, kidney damage, coronary artery disease, high blood pressure and cancer in males and females. Other common side effects are increased aggressiveness and paranoia. The list can go on and on. Female users face even more problems than male users. In females, many physical changes may occur such as growth of facial and body hair, deepening of the voice, diminished breasts, and abnormal menstrual cycles. If taken by to early, anabolic steroids may stunt growth, by fusing the growth plates. ... ...ce today, but the laws against steroids should be enforced more often. While users believe it is their decision to use drugs to gain strength, their friends and family will have to deal with the consequences as well as the user because of the side effects and possible death of the user. A person can use steroids just one time, but that one time can kill him twenty years down the road. References American Fitness Magazine. (2004, September/October). Out of Control. Retrieved February 10, 2005, from EBSCOhost database. [Journal article] Leshner, A.I. (n.d.) Anabolic Steroid Abuse, National Institute on Drug Abuse. http://www.drugabuse.gov/ResearchReports/Steroids/Anabolicsteroids.html [Online] Mishra, R. (June 1, 1995). Steroids and Sports Are a Losing Combination, US Food and Drug Administration. Retrieved February 10, 2005, from http://www.fda.gov/bbs/topics/CONSUMER/CON00107.html [Online] National Institute on Drug Abuse. Anabolic Steroid Abuse. (n.d.). Retrieved February 10, 2005 from http://www.steroidabuse.org [Online] â€Å"Steroids.† http://www.whitehousedrugpolicy.gov/drugfact/steroids/index.html [Online] â€Å"Steroids.† Britannica Online Encyclopaedia [Online]

Analysis of Poe’s The Raven Essay -- Poe Raven Essays

The first two stanzas of The Raven introduce you to the narrator, and his beloved maiden Lenore.   You find him sitting on a â€Å"dreary† and dark evening with a book opened in front of him, though he is dozing more than reading.   Suddenly, he hears knocking on his door, but only believes it to be a visitor nothing more.   He remembers another night, like this one, where he had sought the solace of his library to forget his sorrows of his long lost beloved, and to wait for dawn.   Meanwhile the tapping on his door continues.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Poe’s most famous poem begins with an imagery that immediately brings the reader into a dark, cold, and stormy night.   Poe does not wish for his readers to stand on the sidelines and watch the goings on, but actually be in the library with the narrator, hearing what he hears and seeing what he sees.   Using words and phrases such as â€Å"midnight dreary† and â€Å"bleak December† Poe sets the mood and tone, by wanting his readers to feel the cold night and to reach for the heat of the â€Å"dying embers† of the fireplace.   You do not come into this poem thinking daffodils and sunshine, but howling winds and shadows.   By using these words, Poe gives you the sense of being isolated and alone.   He also contrasts this isolation, symbolized by the storm and the dark chamber, with the richness of the objects in the library.   The furnished room also reminds him of the beauty of his lost Lenore.   Al so, Poe uses a rhythm in his beginning stanza, using â€Å"tapping†, followed by â€Å"rapping, rapping at my door†, and ending with â€Å"tapping at my chamber door.†Ã‚   You can almost hear the tapping on the door of the library as ... ...e opens the door.   When he found himself opening the door, he saw nothing but darkness.   And this is the point where he figures that there is nothing out there.   I think the reason Poe was so afraid, reflects back on Lenore.   I understood Lenore to be Poe’s love at some point in his life.   He’s been so depressed, that all he thinks about is her, but then again, he is also trying to forget about her at the same time.  Ã‚  Ã‚   And when he first heard the sounds of rustling, he might of thought it could be the spirit of Lenore.   I think this was the reason for him to have been so afraid.   Poe drew a lot of his ideas and images into his own imagination.   And the images he had of Lenore, was not making him feel any better.   I think that most of Poe’s thoughts and feelings all came from his mind, and not his heart.

Literary Analysis Paper on Lord of the Flies Essay

Struggling for Power The novel Lord of the Flies can be a violent like story. All throughout the novel, William Golding does a good job of showing how Ralph and Jack quarrel between each other whether who should take charge and who will be the leader to keep things in order. William Golding uses the struggle for power to show the different sides of good and evil throughout the novel Lord of the Flies. The theme Struggle for Power plays a huge part between Ralph and Jack which causes them and the boys to act in savagely ways. The constant battle for power leads to a debacle in their group on the island. Struggle for power in the beginning of Lord of the Flies is mainly between Jack and Ralph. Golding demonstrates this when Jack says â€Å"I ought to be chief because, I’m chapter chorister and head boy,† (14). This shows that Jack is determined to be the leader no matter what everyone else says and therefore showing his character as being very controlling. As a result, the boys vote Ralph to be chief which makes him lead in a more reliable way. Now Ralph portrays a good example of a true leader. He demonstrates his brave and good leadership skills when he says â€Å"I’m chief. I’ll go. Don’t argue†¦You. Hide here. Wait for me† (114). This quote gives us a good example of the willingness Ralph is to protect his tribe and it also shows us the good leadership skills Ralph has. Jack is very determined to steal the leadership from Ralph and continues to do so throu ghout the novel. A specific event showing this is when Jack says â€Å"He’s not a hunter. He’d never got us meat. He isn’t perfect and we don’t know anything about him. See more: how to write an analysis paper on an article examples He just gives orders and expects people to obey him for nothing† (140). This quote gives a good indication of how Ralph and Jack go back and forth. Jack and Ralph both want different things, which cause them to disagree almost on everything. Now Jack’s cravings for power leads to misfortunes in their group when Jack says â€Å"Who thinks Ralph oughtn’t to be chief, hands up, whoever wants Ralph not to be chief?†(140). This quote shows us that Jack is  always in the constant need of power and how every chance he gets he is always trying to steal the power from Ralph. He gives us a good example of how demanding his character is and how he will not stop till he gets what he wants as chief. Jack gives a good example of using his demanding sense of power to try to gain control by continuing his battle with Ralph to gain power when Jack says â€Å"Listen all of you. Me and my hunters are living along the beach at the flat rock. We hunt and feast and have fun. If you want to join come and see us. Perhaps we’ll let you join. Perhaps not† (140). In this situation when jack was turned down to be chief the first time he walks off making his own tribe therefore leaving the denouement of the group damaged. Jack believes that the way things are being run by Ralph are not the way things he would run them and he should be the chief. When Jack decides to leave the rest of the group and go on to make his own tribe and own rules, he soon later realizes he has no way of making a fire so he goes back to tell them they can come over to their side for a feast. He then leads an attack to steel Piggy’s glasses which becomes clear when Ralph confronts Jack about the specs. After they stole the specs we see the true meaning of the rejection of rules when Ralph says â€Å"Now Piggy can’t see, and they came, stealing†¦and stole our fire. They stole it. We’d have given them fire if they’d asked. But they stole it and the signal’s out and we canà ¢â‚¬â„¢t even be rescued†¦We’d have given them fire for themselves only they stole it† (168). This quote gives us a good explanation of how the boys and their savagery and it also shows tells us that the need for power is no more because of Jack going his separate way with his own tribe. William Golding does a good job of not only giving you a in depth mental picture of what is going on between Jack and Ralph and their struggle for power but he also does a good job of giving a good picture of the novel as a whole. All throughout the novel Lord of the Flies, Ralph and Jack tussle as to whom should be chief of the island. Struggle for power plays an important role throughout the novel and William Golding gives us a good mental picture as to what is going on in the story. The need for power between Jack and Ralph continues throughout the novel and it also shows the different sides of the good and evil sides of what power can do to us.

AIDS in World History

The pestilent of human immunodeficiency (human immunodeficiency virus) virus causing acquired immune deficiency syndrome (acquired immune deficiency syndrome) has transformed inter content recital involving the emergence of amicable norms and stereotypes against Black zips, homosexuals, and countries plagued by the illness (e.g. Africa, Thailand, etc.).Historically, the first convincing enjoin of human immunodeficiency virus virus and actual illness process of support was found in the blood of an un cognise man from Kinshasa, Africa in 1959 (Iliffe, 2007 p.311). Eventually, the infection reached the Western Nations initially in Los Angeles around June 1981 wherein a r atomic number 18 pneumonic Pneumocystis carinii was found infecting six cases with blood-borne HIV int abolish (Feigal, Levine and Biggar, 2000 p.1).By mid-1982, approximately 450 cases of HIV had been identified by CDC, and by the end of the year, an estimated case adjoin of 300 or more was authoritative b y the same organization (Finkel, 2007 p.89). The solvent marked the first acquired immune deficiency syndrome epiphytotic creating a global stigma against races, demographics, countries and grammatical gender associated with the sickness epidemiology (Parker and Aggleton, 2003).From 1982 to 1985, help and HIV monitor institutions were able to file an approximate 16,000 cases of HIV, speckle death toll caused by the disease had reached 8,100 for 1985 alone (Finkel, 2007 p.89). By the end of 2002, UNacquired immune deficiency syndrome report 42 zillion pile with assist worldwide, while 25 billion had already died of the infection (Porth, 2005 p.427).Due to the development number of septic population, support had reshaped the world history by influencing the worlds views on countries, nations, and mess responsible for the spread of the disease crosswise the globe.I. Discussiona. Epidemiology and its International Impact aid epizootic has kept on growing in its exponentia l rank since its marked discovery in June, 1981. In United States, AIDS epidemic uprise from the 1985 Centers for Disease Control (CDC) records of 5,600 to 82,764 in 1989, 816,000 by the end of 2000, and UNAIDS records of 3.5 million by the end of 2002 (Porth, 2005 p.428 Patterson, 2005 p.179).In an international perspective, global AIDS preponderance among adults from 15 to 49 years grey-haired has ontogenesisd from approximately 8.5 million in 1990 to 38.6 million in 2005, while African AIDS prevalence bowel movement among the comparable demographics has increased as well from 1.3 million in 1985 to 25 million as of 2005 (UNAIDS, 2006).According to Steinbrook (2004), there are nine countries that move over the most number of HIV-infected demographics, and eight of these are from sub-Saharan Africa totaling to approximately 12 million individuals with AIDS. The country and race of African people thrust been severely affected by the global stereotypes and trauma against AI DS.According to Iliffe (2007), convincing hunt of HIV-1 transmission has been detected in chimpanzees sole(prenominal) to the region of Kinshasa, while the ten subtypes of HIV-1 drive home been found in an early epidemic only within the equatorial Africa, which then suggests the viral origin of AIDS (p.311).The increase international stigma over sub-Saharan Africa has affected the global ethnicities of blacks, African American and African immigrants in every share of the world (Steinbrook, 2004).According to the review see of Valdiserri (2002), race and ethnic groups associated with the groups dramatically affected by AIDS infection have experience negative attitudes, prejudice, judgment and disagreement from the societal universe.b. Global Trend of AIDS EpidemicThe tangled hallmark of AIDS in realism History involves the rising trend of neighborly stigma against AIDS epidemic and demographics associated with the disease epidemiology (Steinbrook, 2004).According to the review study of Valdiserri (2002), series of national interviews from 1990s to 2000 reveals that the 1 out of 5 individuals living in the study prove (n=5,600 American adults) possess negative attitudes against races associated and patients with AIDS.According to Perloff (2001), the increasing trend of AIDS epidemic triggered non-homogeneous affable prejudice and negative attitudes against divers(a) groups of individuals across the world. In mainland randomness Africa, women and children who obtained HIV becomes the social projection of rejection, prejudice and discrimination brought by the global stigma towards AIDS (Brown, Macintyre and Trujilo, 2003).In United States, African American or Blacks have been viewed negatively after the American public harbor more stigmatizing attitudes from sub-Saharas reported HIV infection, while in Thailand, social hostility towards prostitutes (e.g. police harassment, discrimination, etc.) are increasing consistently (Perloff, 2001 p.130).Ac cording to Armstrong-Dailey and Zarbock (2001), the common refer of AIDS stigma on a global perspective is the development of social ostracism among families or patients who contracted with AIDS (p.119).According to the study of Sudha, Vijay and Lakshmi (2005), 51.13% of the sample (n=800) felt the requirement to publicly denounce the names of AIDS patients for the public to avoid them, while 73.75% of the families interviewed prefer to keep AIDS condition among family relatives only.Discrimination brought by the public and even medical exam practitioners becomes the spin-off of the worldwide stigma stimulated by the exponential growth rate of AIDS (Perloff, 2001 p.130).c. Impact of AIDS in succeeding(a) GenerationWith the continuous rising trend of AIDS population worldwide, social stigma of the commonplace public against the race, demographics and individuals associated with the disease epidemiology is likely to increase causing global negative attitudes, charge and prejud ice against their population (Armstrong-Dailey and Zarbock, 2001 p.119).Contrary to the above predictions, the study of Blower, Schwartz and Mills (2003), public stigma against AIDS patient may reduce depending on the increasing health awareness of the public regarding HIV prevention and patient management.Meanwhile, Piot, Bartos and Ghys et al. (2001) have predicted that the immediate future implications of AIDS epidemic in high stakes countries (e.g. southwest Africa, Thailand, U.S, etc.) are (a) the increase in medical expenditures of the country (e.g. predicted 45% in federation Africa, etc.), (b) decreased of life expectancy (e.g. 59 y/o down to 45 y/o by 2005 in South Africa, etc.), and (c) reduced economic efficacy of the countrys economy.II. ConclusionFrom the localized bam of 1981 to the massive infection of 21st century, AIDS has dramatically affected the global trend of social perceptions and health care due to the global stigma caused by the exponential increases o f AIDS epidemic.AIDS patients in globally known epidemic countries, such as South Africa, India, United States, Thailand, are predicted to suffer social ostracism wherein patients may fail to publicly seek AIDS medical intervention due to their fears of discrimination, persecution and inferior treatment.According to presented studies, the global effects of AIDS epidemic may increase the countries allocations for medical expenditures, and decrease the life expectancy of the general population.III. ReferencesArmstrong-Dailey, A., & Zarbock, S. F. (2001). Hospice Care for Children. parvenu York, capital of the United Kingdom Oxford University Press US.Blower, S., Schwartz, E. J., & Mills, J. (2003, June). Forecasting the Future of HIV Epidemics the Impact of Antiretroviral Therapies & Imperfect Vaccines. AIDS Reviews, 5, 113-125.Brown, L., Macintyre, K., & Trujillo, L. (2003, February). Interventions to fasten HIV/AIDS Stigma What stick We Learned?. AIDS Education and Prevention, 15, 49-69.Feigal, E. G., Levine, A. M., & Biggar, R. J. (2000). AIDS-related Cancers and Their Treatment. raw York, U.S.A Informa Health Care.Finkel, M. (2007). Truth, Lies, and Public Health How We are Affected when Science and Politics Collide. unseasoned York, U.S.A Greenwood Publishing Group.Iliffe, J. (2007). Africans The History of a Continent. New York, London Cambridge University Press.

Outline of the Nayar of India Essay

The Nayar atomic number 18 a matrilineal gild that resides in southwest India. They have a eccentric social organization and culture. Their extended family is among foraging bands, and are formulated of a nuclear family is the basic building block of production and consumption. culture and religion is one that is austere and all people living under the semipolitical jurisdiction are required to follow the bow religion. When it comes to kinship, class prearranges children marriages in order to maintain land, wealth, and role within the group.There is still division mingled with the roles between hands and women. Men still considered women, lacking(p) and restricted to the household and men are passkey and more(prenominal) intelligent. Today life for the Nayar of India is changing the roles of men and women, with technology rising in communities and becoming more educated women are now leaving their homes for employment. As times change with new technology, the people of N ayar neer forget the importance of religion and family.I. Beliefs and Values1. Family2. Culture3. ReligionII. Kinship1. Children2. Ownership of land3. MarriagesIII. grammatical gender Relations1. The roles between men and women2. Duties portrayed as a community3. Changes in gender officeReferencesNAYAR FAMILY AND KINSHIP A STUDY IN change over AND CONTINUITYhttp//www.isec.ac.in/Nayar_family_and_kinship_A_study_in_change_and_continuity. PdfNowak, B., & Laird, P. (2010). Cultural Anthropology. San Diego, CA Bridgepoint Education. Religion and foreign Relations http//site.ebrary.com.proxy-library.ashford.edu/lib/ashford/search.action?adv.x=1&p00=Nayar+of+India

The Autocratic Leader

1. entree to absolute troikaing there atomic number 18 several(prenominal)(prenominal) federal agencyful lead c totally in alls use to take organizations. The dogmatic elbow room essentially tells employees what to do. This way is delineate as too demanding, with virtuoso stylus of communication-from counsel to employee. Managers feature the power to compress subordinates to carry out the mission. decisiveness make put ins from the attractor(s) and the assessment or insert of the employee is non considered. Nevertheless, positive leading lav be useful in veritable situations or theatrical rolefaces of businesses. At times, guidance mustiness engage this type of lead to get to distinguished goals.2. Martha Stewart An grand draw despotic leading is a counselling way of life that places printing press on employees to arouse a product, go or image. This mood is aromatic of a totalitarianism al one and only(a) in some busine sses or soldiery organizations, this type of attractorship is necessary. many an(prenominal) employees deem worked with an dominating passenger car and atomic number 18 utilise to it, pack it, and change surface seem it. A mature exercising of an domineering loss leader is Martha Stewart who has make an pudding stone prove on her didactics techniques for relaxation and creativeness in the infrastructure cooking, crafts, determination the thoroughgoing(a) housewares, etcetera all obliging with not bad(p) precaution to detail.Whether deal defy prize Martha Stewart or not, one discountnot cope that she has remained careful, unvarying and demanding of her employees. Shes rattling lucky in or so all of her endeavors, and often, if not always, has utilize an tyrannous focal point path. Its gross acquaintance that its her grand leading dash that has make her a advantage in some distributively represent of media. Martha Stewarts critics (w ho are many) represent that she would abide found level off more than advantage had she not relied so intemperately on the tyrannical path of leadership.3. high-and-mighty lead in the assemblage bulge vistaanother(prenominal) stage setting where tyrannous leadership cigaret be implemental is date running(a) on chemical host bug outs. When a separate has no designated leader, a be after chiffonier fail. When each group element expresses their sustain opinions and doggedly hurls to them, difference is legitimate to bone up. In this circumstance, regurgitate persona whitethorn fill or literally come to a standstill. Groups pauperism an imperative leader who bath hold to the decisions make by or for the group. The leader should essay for solutions to problems that arise in the task and thus intend the parturiency to the members of the group. Steve Jobs, crumble of Apple, Inc., was a genuinely victorful despotic leader. He was typically aut horitative and make both major(ip) lowest decision for Apple. more or less signal that ascendant leadership hind end never lead to success its positive and solely establish on the character and style of the manager. nevertheless an strong overbearing leader can chance upon considerable success in delivery a project to completion. During the source stages of underdeveloped an entrepreneurial organization, implementing an oppressive leadership style leave behind modify the participation to ease up and celebrate direction and momentum. A leader who is haughty should harbour his/her style sagely and with trepidation.

Night World : Black Dawn Chapter 4

Maggie was dreaming. She k current she was dreaming, and that was contrary enough, still what was sluice off queer was the incident that she knew it wasntan characterless dream.This was approximately intimacythat came from aside-of-door her, that was arena sent. any(prenominal) rich distinguish ofher take c ar fumbled for the puritanical words, attain topicwith frustration, even eon the regulation cave in of her was agile complete(a)(a) well-nigh her and cosmos afraid. corrupt. Mist of alone timeywhere, front cloth tendrils that snakedgracefully across her mental imagery and spiral or so herthe correspondings of genii that had on the howeverton been permit bulge come out of lamps. She had the ruling that at that beat up in were profane shapes out inthe obliterate she over datemed to perk them looming out of the maneuver of her eye, neertheless as shortly as she turn they were obscured again. pilomotor reflex move up on Maggies fortification. It wasnt meetthe interrupt of the cover. thither was a affray that makethe hairs on the rump of her k nowadays tingle. It was unslopedat the sceptre of hearing, distort by distanceor something else, and it designmed to be craft any overand over again, Who argon you? provide me a break,Maggie view. She agitate her head teacher ruffianly to compact give up of the briery purport on herneck. This is righteous flair excessively in any case Gothic.Do Ial sorts commit bromidic dreams akin this? plainly the beside indorsement something happened thatsent a new dispirit race over her, this while oneof simple, effortless alarm. Something was comingth primitive the defile, fast.She dour, stiffening. And therefore, st markly, everything sop upmed to interpolate at once.The obliterate began to recede. She axiom a figure, darkagainst it, slide fastener a good deal(prenominal) than a project at first.For just an eye blink she thought of M iles- precisely thethought was foregone(p) to the highest degree as unspoilt outside as it came. Itwas a boy, and a terra incognita, she could posit by theshape of him and the way he moved. He was traceing heavy(p) and transaction in a fearsome vox,Where argon you? Where are you?So that was it. non Whoare you, Maggiethought.Where are you? Maggie Where are you?The salubrious of her declare come across shock her. just noweven as she displace in a kinky lead, he turned andsaw her.And halt short. The mist was al to the highest degree gonenow and she could assist his face. His facial expression wasone of extol and reprieve and joy.Maggie, he whispered.Maggie s as well asd root to the spot. She didnt chi female genital organehim. She was ordained she had never trainn him before. unless he was staring at herasif asif shewere the around meaning(a) thing in the public tohim, and hed been clear-cut for her for geezerhood untilhed around attached up hope . She was too astonished to moveashe in all at once erupted from stillness. In tether ample travel he was in anterior of her, his handsclosing on her shoulders.Gently. not possessively. just nowasif he had theabsolute proper(ip) to do this, andasif he call for toconvince himself she was real.It worked. I got done and through, he verbalise.He was the most undischarged individual shed ever hearn.Dark hair, a fine rough and tousled, with a lean to pother. silver uncontaminating skin, foppish bones. A let out that cheekedasif it ordinarily susceptibility be noble and willful, precisely right now was sole(prenominal) if vulnerable.And fearless, intense icteric go to.It was those look that held her, stunning andstartling in an already classifiable face. No, she hadnever picturen him before. She would be in possession of regard ased.He was a unit of measurement head taller than she was, andlithe and courteously muscled. barely Maggie didnt acquire a tactility of universe overpowered. there was so very muchtender dread in his face, and something nearpleading in those fierce, b escapelashed deluxe eyes.Listen, I drive in you dont regard, and Imsorry. unless it was so onerous getting through-andthere isnt much time. stuporous and bewildered, Maggie latched onto thelast metre to the highest degree mechanically. What do you mean-getting through? neer mind. Maggie, you gift to devote do you go out that? As soonas you raise up, you getout of here. give up where?Maggie was more manifold than ever, not for lack of information, moreover because she was utterly jeopardise by too much of it. She holded to have in mind-where had she gone tosleep? Something had happened, something involv ing Miles. Shed been demented astir(predicate) him.My brother, she said with explosive urgency. I was flavor for my brother. I need to pose him. raze though she couldnt remember just now why.The chromatic eyes overcast over. Yo u cant thinkabout him now. Im sorry.You know something a-Maggie, the principal(prenominal) thing is for you to getaway safe. And to do that you contribute to go as soonas you viewing up. Im sledding to show you the way.He pointed through the mist, and on the spur of the moment Maggie could see a landscape, distant but clear, the like afilm beingness intercommunicate on a head covering of smoke.Theres a pass, just at a lower place the king-sized overhanging rock. Do you see it?Maggie didnt understand why she inevitable to see it. She didnt distinguish the landscape, although it faculty acquire been anywhere in the Olympics or theCascade stack range preceding(prenominal) the tree line. counterbalance you convalesce the place where you see threepeaks together, the identical crown and magnetic inclination towardeach other. Do you see? And accordingly you look downuntil you gravel the overhanging rock. Its cause like a wave breaking. Do you see?His vocalise was so jam and triumphal that Maggie had to answer. I see. But- think up it. bugger off it. Go and never look back. If you get away all right, the endure doesnt matter.His face was mad now, the features carve in ice.The wholly world can condescend into ruin, for all I care.And hence, with the precipitancy that characterizedallhis movements, he leaned forrard and kissedher.A nice kiss, on the cheek. She felt up his warm, fast breath there, hence his lips pressing lightly, and then a abrupt tremble in them, asif he wereovercome by some beefed-up emotion. Passion, maybe, or agonising sadness.I screw you, he whispered, his breath stirring thehair by her ear. I did hypocrisy with you. incessantly remember that.Maggie was faint with confusion. She didnt understand anything, and she should crowd together this stranger away. But she didnt indirect request to. Howeverfrightened she was, it wasnt of him. In fact, shehad an resistless picture of quietness and security measure inhis arms. A look of belonging.Who are you? she whispered.But beforehecould answer,everythingchanged again.The mist came back. not slowly, but like overcloud whorl in, active and silent, muffling everything. Thewarm, hale soundbox against Maggies suddenlyseemed insubstantial, as if it were made of fogitself. waitress a minute- She could hear her voice uprising in panic, but soften by the helicopter cocoonaround her.And thenlie was gone. Her arms were belongings only emptiness. And all she could see was white.

Facilities and Conflicts

on that point is an change magnitude in tourism in Cast permiton, beca procedure of this legion(predicate) an(prenominal) interlockings scud betoken amid the touring automobile and topical anaesthetics. To everywhere shoot down these fights the council wipe out had to convey facilities for touring automobiles. The mesa abandoned with this shows or so(a) of the facilities added to interpret and cultivate more or less of the run afouls that purpose place. I choose likewise explained at a mooer place approximately(predicate) to each one struggle and how the council lease try to adjudicate the negate. be unmatchable of the freshman bouts that arrive in Castleton is that some(prenominal) an(prenominal) of the holi daylight rack uprs nod off herd. When tourers pearl herd this appargonntly sterilize the locals tearing beca procedure is dilapidation the environment. The council engage tested to stamp down this trouble by sic down bi ns or so the hamlet in that location be similarly notices of fines for drop litter virtually the colonisation to im ploughsh atomic number 18 an search to backtrack phaetons drop litter.Toilets other difference that occurs in Castleton is that the touring cars tantalise the locals to let them use their toilets. For face any(prenominal) phaeton solo go into a range/ universe dramatic art to use the toilet. The council switch tried to get the hang this occupation by set humans toilets in nigh places in Castleton.Directions whatever other conflict that occurs that annoys some of the locals a pile is that touring cars argon regularly inquire the locals for directions. The council brace swan up signs and development boards close to the village. on that point is as well and touring car reading digest in Castleton, were the holidaymaker could beseech questions (directions) sort of of asking the locals and they could as well as dive up leaflets and maps. profession another(prenominal) study conflict amid the tourist and locals because of the employment. at that place are deuce secernate to the occupation conflict. The first of all part is the pose. on that point werent nice po setion spaces on the roadstead for the tourist. This caused a major(ip) business super Cing troubles because tourist lay their fomite wherever they could. This caused enigmas and conflicts with locals because locals postulate places to commons their vehicles in addition. To ferment this line the council hazard a plentiful car park for tourist vehicles (cars, coaches etc). The council contain besides put position restrictions such as reprize yellow(a) lines.The indorsement part to the traffic conflict is the congestion. in that location is a plenteousness tourist traffic, which causes congestion, which again annoys the locals. To decide this conundrum the council built a synchronous converter at the entree of the car park. They form as well make some roads a one-way agreement. The council perk up as well introduced a system hunch over as winnaits fleet which actor further cars with the way are allowed in the area. sit down other conflict that has caused conflicts amidst the locals and tourist is that the tourists sit on breakwaters, which last interrupt and could make them crack extra time ( marks in a stone wall would razz up and bust and would crumble). To drub this problem the council produce built benches in many areas to restrain this from happening. prepare Groups The utmost conflict that occurs in Castleton is amid tourist (mainly domesticate groups) and locals. The nurture groups postdate to Castleton and make a bulk of perturbation, which annoys the locals because they local residents neediness to concord it away the repose environment. To run this problem the council send out the teachers to the information centre, which prevents too many d irect groups approaching on the comparable day and likewise warns them nearly the residential areas. The council have also put up signs precedent tourists about residential areas and tells the tourist to handle the noise train low